Fungicide resistance is a very important issue in the business because chemicals are a big weapon in the battle against fungi. Fungicide resistance can be defined as a stable, heritable trait that results in a reduction in sensitivity to a fungicide by an individual fungus. This can happen over many years or could happen suddenly without warning. Fungicides typically work in one of seven different ways. They may disrupt the following:
- cell division,
- sterol biosynthesis,
- respiration,
- protein synthesis,
- membrane function,
- cell wall synthesis
- nucleic acid synthesis
.
There are currently seven chemical groups with different modes-of-action for broad-spectrum disease control in turfgrass that are at risk for resistance. There are eleven different classes of fungicides
- Benzimidazoles
- Dicarboximides
- Carboxamides
- Phenylamides
- Phosphonates
- Quinone outside Inhibitors
- Demethylation Inhibitors (DMIs)
- Aromatic Hydrocarbons
- Carbamates
- Nitriles
- Triazines
Usually fungicides are commonly are broken into three categories – practical resistance, cross and multiple resistance. Resistance is more common in some disease - anthracnose, dollar spot, Fusarium patch, and Pythium blight have been documented for resistance in the past.
To help delay or even prevent funigicide resistance:
- cultural practices may be used in combination with fungicides
- alternate classes of fungicides
- use chemicals with different modes of actions,
- choose disease resistance cultivars
- know the chemical you are spraying/disease
For more information on disease resistance or diseases feel free to visit the following websites or contact your local cooperative extension office. You can find
http://turfdiseases.blogspot.com/
http://pods.dasnr.okstate.edu/docushare/dsweb/Get/Document-2317/F-7663web.pdf
*Some information has been obtained from notes taken in Dr. Wakar Uddin's Plant Pathology fall semester, 2009
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